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# Tips and Tricks
## Installing previous versions of formulae
The supported method of installing specific versions of
some formulae is to see if there is a versioned formula (e.g. `gcc@6`) available. If the version you’re looking for isn’t available, consider [opening a pull request](How-To-Open-a-Homebrew-Pull-Request.md)!
### Installing directly from pull requests
You can [browse pull requests](https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/pulls)
and install through the direct link. For example, Python 3.3.0 from pull request [Homebrew/homebrew#15199](https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew/pull/15199):
```sh
brew install https://raw.github.com/dsr/homebrew/9b22d42f50fcbc5e52c764448b3ac002bc153bd7/Library/Formula/python3.rb
```
## Quickly remove something from `/usr/local`
```sh
brew unlink <formula>
```
This can be useful if a package can't build against the version of something you have linked into `/usr/local`.
And of course, you can simply `brew link <formula>` again afterwards!
## Activate a previously installed version of a formula
```sh
brew info <formula>
brew switch <formula> <version>
```
Use `brew info <formula>` to check what versions are installed but not currently activated, then `brew switch <formula> <version>` to activate the desired version. This can be useful if you would like to switch between versions of a formula.
## Install into Homebrew without formulae
```sh
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/foo/1.2 && make && make install && brew link foo
```
## Pre-downloading a file for a formula
Sometimes it's faster to download a file via means other than those
strategies that are available as part of Homebrew. For example,
Erlang provides a torrent that'll let you download at 4–5× the normal
HTTP method.
Download the file and drop it in `~/Library/Caches/Homebrew`, but
watch the file name. Homebrew downloads files as `<formula>-<version>`.
In the case of Erlang, this requires renaming the file from `otp_src_R13B03` to
`erlang-R13B03`.
`brew --cache -s erlang` will print the correct name of the cached
download. This means instead of manually renaming a formula, you can
run `mv the_tarball $(brew --cache -s <formula>)`.
You can also pre-cache the download by using the command `brew fetch formula` which also displays the SHA-256 hash. This can be useful for updating formulae to new versions.
## Installing stuff without the Xcode CLT
```sh
brew sh # or: eval $(brew --env)
gem install ronn # or c-programs
```
This imports the `brew` environment into your existing shell; `gem` will pick up the environment variables and be able to build. As a bonus `brew`'s automatically determined optimization flags are set.
## Install only a formula's dependencies (not the formula)
```sh
brew install --only-dependencies <formula>
```
## Interactive Homebrew Shell
```sh
$ brew irb
1.8.7 :001 > Formula.factory("ace").methods - Object.methods
=> [:install, :path, :homepage, :downloader, :stable, :bottle, :devel, :head, :active_spec, :buildpath, :ensure_specs_set, :url, :version, :specs, :mirrors, :installed?, :explicitly_requested?, :linked_keg, :installed_prefix, :prefix, :rack, :bin, :doc, :include, :info, :lib, :libexec, :man, :man1, :man2, :man3, :man4, :man5, :man6, :man7, :man8, :sbin, :share, :etc, :var, :plist_name, :plist_path, :download_strategy, :cached_download, :caveats, :options, :patches, :keg_only?, :fails_with?, :skip_clean?, :brew, :std_cmake_args, :deps, :external_deps, :recursive_deps, :system, :fetch, :verify_download_integrity, :fails_with_llvm, :fails_with_llvm?, :std_cmake_parameters, :mkdir, :mktemp]
1.8.7 :002 >
```
## Hiding the beer mug emoji when finishing a build
```sh
export HOMEBREW_NO_EMOJI=1
```
This sets the HOMEBREW_NO_EMOJI environment variable, causing Homebrew
to hide all emoji.
The beer emoji can also be replaced with other character(s):
```sh
export HOMEBREW_INSTALL_BADGE="☕️ 🐸"
```
## Editor plugins
### Sublime Text
In Sublime Text 2/3, you can use Package Control to install
[Homebrew-formula-syntax](https://github.com/samueljohn/Homebrew-formula-syntax),
which adds highlighting for inline patches.
### Vim
[brew.vim](https://github.com/xu-cheng/brew.vim) adds highlighting to
inline patches in Vim.
### Emacs
[homebrew-mode](https://github.com/dunn/homebrew-mode) provides syntax
highlighting for inline patches as well as a number of helper functions
for editing formula files.
[pcmpl-homebrew](https://github.com/hiddenlotus/pcmpl-homebrew) provides completion
for emacs shell-mode and eshell-mode.
### Atom
[language-homebrew-formula](https://atom.io/packages/language-homebrew-formula)
adds highlighting and diff support (with the
[language-diff](https://atom.io/packages/language-diff) plugin).
|
