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authorMarkus Reiter2016-10-08 12:08:41 +0200
committerMarkus Reiter2016-10-08 12:10:54 +0200
commit5cae4532bfade512c156f8d4c6b84f9714e4fef3 (patch)
treef5e49988e48097c8c534e3a5e3aefce207d1443b /Library/Homebrew/cask/doc/development/adding_a_cask.md
parent0c3bb42a8a4ac46cc2622cb6660565e186d9df2b (diff)
downloadbrew-5cae4532bfade512c156f8d4c6b84f9714e4fef3.tar.bz2
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-## Adding a Cask
-
-Making a new Cask is easy. Follow the directions in [Getting Set Up To Contribute](../../CONTRIBUTING.md#getting-set-up-to-contribute) to begin.
-
-### Examples
-
-Here’s a Cask for `shuttle` as an example. Note the comment above `url`, which is needed when [the url and homepage hostnames differ](../cask_language_reference/stanzas/url.md#when-url-and-homepage-hostnames-differ-add-a-comment)
-
-```ruby
-cask 'shuttle' do
- version '1.2.6'
- sha256 '7b54529cd00332e423839cf768b732ac6c42e17de9325d0a093764180deeb611'
-
- # github.com/fitztrev/shuttle was verified as official when first introduced to the cask
- url "https://github.com/fitztrev/shuttle/releases/download/v#{version}/Shuttle.zip"
- appcast 'https://github.com/fitztrev/shuttle/releases.atom',
- checkpoint: 'c3dea2ed479b3ebba7c56ace6040901795f6dc6be92f9ffc30cc808d31723f17'
- name 'Shuttle'
- homepage 'https://fitztrev.github.io/shuttle/'
-
- app 'Shuttle.app'
-
- zap delete: '~/.shuttle.json'
-end
-```
-
-And here is one for `airstream`. Note that it has an unversioned download (the download `url` does not contain the version number, unlike the example above). It also suppresses the checksum with `sha256 :no_check` (necessary since the checksum will change when a new distribution is made available). This combination of `version :latest` and `sha256 :no_check` is currently the preferred mechanism when a versioned download URL is not available.
-
-```ruby
-cask 'airstream' do
- version :latest
- sha256 :no_check
-
- # amazonaws.com/airstream-clients was verified as official when first introduced to the cask
- url 'https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/airstream-clients/mac/airstream-mac.dmg'
- name 'AirStream'
- homepage 'http://airstream.io/download/'
-
- app 'AirStream.app'
-
- caveats do
- depends_on_java('6')
- end
-end
-```
-
-Here is a last example for `airdisplay`, which uses a `pkg` installer to install the application instead of a stand-alone application bundle (`.app`). Note the [`uninstall pkgutil` stanza](../cask_language_reference/stanzas/uninstall.md#uninstall-key-pkgutil), which is needed to uninstall all files which were installed using the installer.
-
-```ruby
-cask 'airdisplay' do
- version '3.0.3'
- sha256 'db84a66fe3522929a0afa58a4fe0189977baded89df0035ead1ccd334f7b8126'
-
- url "https://www.avatron.com/updates/software/airdisplay/ad#{version.no_dots}.zip"
- appcast 'https://avatron.com/updates/software/airdisplay/appcast.xml',
- checkpoint: '938bdb9fbee793dce92818366cb2c19ba84c5b0cd6853fd893897d4a40689bc2'
- name 'Air Display'
- homepage 'https://avatron.com/apps/air-display/'
-
- pkg 'Air Display Installer.pkg'
-
- uninstall pkgutil: 'com.avatron.pkg.AirDisplay'
-end
-```
-
-### Generating a Token for the Cask
-
-The Cask **token** is the mnemonic string people will use to interact with the Cask via `brew cask install`, `brew cask search`, etc. The name of the Cask **file** is simply the token with the extension `.rb` appended.
-
-The easiest way to generate a token for a Cask is to run this command:
-
-```bash
-$ "$(brew --repository)/Library/Taps/caskroom/homebrew-cask/developer/bin/generate_cask_token" '/full/path/to/new/software.app'
-```
-
-If the software you wish to Cask is not installed, or does not have an associated App bundle, just give the full proper name of the software instead of a pathname:
-
-```bash
-$ "$(brew --repository)/Library/Taps/caskroom/homebrew-cask/developer/bin/generate_cask_token" 'Google Chrome'
-```
-
-If the `generate_cask_token` script does not work for you, see [Cask Token Details](#cask-token-details).
-
-### The `brew cask create` Command
-
-Once you know the token, create your Cask with the handy-dandy `brew cask create` command:
-
-```bash
-$ brew cask create my-new-cask
-```
-
-This will open `$EDITOR` with a template for your new Cask, to be stored in the file `my-new-cask.rb`. Running the `create` command above will get you a template that looks like this:
-
-```ruby
-cask 'my-new-cask' do
- version ''
- sha256 ''
-
- url ''
- name ''
- homepage ''
-
- app ''
-end
-```
-
-### Cask Stanzas
-
-Fill in the following stanzas for your Cask:
-
-| name | value |
-| ------------------ | ----------- |
-| `version` | application version; give the value `:latest` if only an unversioned download is available
-| `sha256` | SHA-256 checksum of the file downloaded from `url`, calculated by the command `shasum -a 256 <file>`. Can be suppressed by using the special value `:no_check`. (see [sha256](../cask_language_reference/stanzas/sha256.md))
-| `url` | URL to the `.dmg`/`.zip`/`.tgz`/`.tbz2` file that contains the application.<br />A [comment](../cask_language_reference/stanzas/url.md#when-url-and-homepage-hostnames-differ-add-a-comment) should be added if the hostnames in the `url` and `homepage` stanzas differ. Block syntax should be used for URLs that change on every visit.<br />See [URL Stanza Details](../cask_language_reference/stanzas/url.md) for more information.
-| `name` | the full and proper name defined by the vendor, and any useful alternate names (see [Name Stanza Details](../cask_language_reference/stanzas/name.md))
-| `homepage` | application homepage; used for the `brew cask home` command
-| `app` | relative path to an `.app` bundle that should be moved into the `/Applications` folder on installation (see [App Stanza Details](../cask_language_reference/stanzas/app.md))
-
-Other commonly-used stanzas are:
-
-| name | value |
-| ------------------ | ----------- |
-| `appcast` | a URL providing an appcast feed to find updates for this Cask. (see [Appcast Stanza Details](../cask_language_reference/stanzas/appcast.md))
-| `pkg` | relative path to a `.pkg` file containing the distribution (see [Pkg Stanza Details](../cask_language_reference/stanzas/pkg.md))
-| `caveats` | a string or Ruby block providing the user with Cask-specific information at install time (see [Caveats Stanza Details](../cask_language_reference/stanzas/caveats.md))
-| `uninstall` | procedures to uninstall a Cask. Optional unless the `pkg` stanza is used. (see [Uninstall Stanza Details](../cask_language_reference/stanzas/uninstall.md))
-
-Additional `artifact` stanzas you might need for special use-cases can be found [here](../cask_language_reference/all_stanzas.md#at-least-one-artifact-stanza-is-also-required). Even more special-use stanzas are listed at [Optional Stanzas](../cask_language_reference/all_stanzas.md#optional-stanzas).
-
-### Cask Token Details
-
-If a token conflicts with an already-existing Cask, authors should manually make the new token unique by prepending the vendor name. Example: [unison.rb](../../Casks/unison.rb) and [panic-unison.rb](../../Casks/panic-unison.rb).
-
-If possible, avoid creating tokens which differ only by the placement of hyphens.
-
-To generate a token manually, or to learn about exceptions for unusual cases, see [token_reference.md](../cask_language_reference/token_reference.md).
-
-### Archives With Subfolders
-
-When a downloaded archive expands to a subfolder, the subfolder name must be included in the `app` value.
-
-Example:
-
-1. Texmaker is downloaded to the file `TexmakerMacosxLion.zip`.
-2. `TexmakerMacosxLion.zip` unzips to a folder called `TexmakerMacosxLion`.
-3. The folder `TexmakerMacosxLion` contains the application `texmaker.app`.
-4. So, the `app` stanza should include the subfolder as a relative path:
-
- ```ruby
- app 'TexmakerMacosxLion/texmaker.app'
- ```
-
-
-## Testing Your New Cask
-
-Give it a shot with `brew cask install my-new-cask`.
-
-Did it install? If something went wrong, `brew cask uninstall my-new-cask` and edit your Cask with `brew cask edit my-new-cask` to fix it.
-
-If everything looks good, you’ll also want to make sure your Cask passes audit with:
-
-```bash
-brew cask audit my-new-cask --download
-```
-
-You should also check stylistic details with `brew cask style`:
-
-```bash
-$ cd "$(brew --repository)"/Library/Taps/caskroom/homebrew-cask
-$ brew cask style Casks/my-new-cask.rb [--fix]
-```
-
-Keep in mind all of these checks will be made when you submit your PR, so by doing them in advance you’re saving everyone a lot of time and trouble.
-
-If your application and Homebrew-Cask do not work well together, feel free to [file an issue](https://github.com/caskroom/homebrew-cask#reporting-bugs) after checking out open issues.
-
-## Finding a Home For Your Cask
-
-We maintain separate Taps for different types of binaries. Our nomenclature is:
-
-+ **Stable**: The latest version provided by the developer defined by them as such.
-+ **Beta, Development, Unstable**: Subsequent versions to **stable**, yet incomplete and under development, aiming to eventually become the new **stable**.
-+ **Nightly**: Constantly up-to-date versions of the current development state.
-+ **Legacy**: Any **stable** version that is not the most recent.
-+ **Alternative**: Alternative edition of an existing app, by the same vendor (developer editions, community editions, pro editions, …).
-+ **Regional, Localized**: Any version that isn’t the US English one, when that exists.
-+ **Trial**: Date-limited version that stops working entirely after it expires, requiring payment to lift the limitation.
-+ **Freemium**: Gratis version that works indefinitely but with limitations that can be removed by paying.
-+ **Fork**: An alternate version of an existing project, with a based-on but modified source and binary.
-+ **Unofficial**: An *allegedly* unmodified compiled binary, by a third-party, of a binary that has no existing build by the owner of the source code.
-+ **Vendorless**: A binary distributed without an official website, like a forum posting.
-+ **Walled**: When the download URL is both behind a login/registration form and from a host that differs from the homepage.
-
-### Stable Versions
-
-Stable versions live in the main repository at [caskroom/homebrew-cask](https://github.com/caskroom/homebrew-cask). They should run on the latest release of macOS or the previous point release (in 2015, for example, that meant El Capitan and Yosemite).
-
-### But There Is No Stable Version!
-
-When an App is only available as beta, development, or unstable versions, or in cases where such a version is the general standard, then said version can go into the main repo.
-
-### Beta, Unstable, Development, Nightly, Legacy, or Alternative Versions
-
-When an App has a principal stable version, alternative versions should be submitted to [caskroom/homebrew-versions](https://github.com/caskroom/homebrew-versions).
-
-### Regional and Localized
-
-When an App exists in more than one language or has different regional editions, the US English one belongs in the main repo, and all the others in [caskroom/homebrew-versions](https://github.com/caskroom/homebrew-versions). When not already part of the name of the App, a [regional identifier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1_alpha-2) and a [language code](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ISO_639-1_codes) are to be appended to the Cask’s token (both when available, or just the appropriate one when not).
-
-### Trial and Freemium Versions
-
-Before submitting a trial, make sure it can be made into a full working version without the need to be redownloaded. If an App provides a trial but the only way to buy the full version is via the Mac App Store, it does not belong in any of the official repos. Freemium versions are fine.
-
-### Forks and Apps with Conflicting Names
-
-Forks should have the vendor’s name as a prefix on the Cask’s file name and token. For unrelated Apps that share a name, the most popular one (usually the one already present) stays unprefixed. Since this can be subjective, if you disagree with a decision open an issue and make your case to the maintainers.
-
-### Unofficial, Vendorless, and Walled Builds
-
-We do not accept these casks since they offer a higher-than-normal security risk. [alehouse/homebrew-unofficial](https://github.com/alehouse/homebrew-unofficial) is a sister repo where you may wish to submit your cask.
-
-### Fonts
-
-Font Casks live in the [caskroom/homebrew-fonts](https://github.com/caskroom/homebrew-fonts) repository. See the font repo [CONTRIBUTING.md](../../../../../homebrew-fonts/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
-for details.
-
-## Submitting Your Changes
-
-Hop into your Tap and check to make sure your new Cask is there:
-
-```bash
-$ cd "$(brew --repository)"/Library/Taps/caskroom/homebrew-cask
-$ git status
-# On branch master
-# Untracked files:
-# (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
-#
-# Casks/my-new-cask.rb
-```
-
-So far, so good. Now make a feature branch that you’ll use in your pull request:
-
-```bash
-$ git checkout -b my-new-cask
-Switched to a new branch 'my-new-cask'
-```
-
-Stage your Cask with `git add Casks/my-new-cask.rb`. You can view the changes that are to be committed with `git diff --cached`.
-
-Commit your changes with `git commit -v`.
-
-### Commit Messages
-
-For any git project, some good rules for commit messages are:
-
-* The first line is commit summary, 50 characters or less,
-* Followed by an empty line,
-* Followed by an explanation of the commit, wrapped to 72 characters.
-
-See [a note about git commit messages](http://tbaggery.com/2008/04/19/a-note-about-git-commit-messages.html) for more.
-
-The first line of a commit message becomes the **title** of a pull request on GitHub, like the subject line of an email. Including the key info in the first line will help us respond faster to your pull.
-
-For Cask commits in the Homebrew-Cask project, we like to include the Application name, version number (or `:latest`), and purpose of the commit in the first line.
-
-Examples of good, clear commit summaries:
-
-* `Add Transmission.app v1.0`
-* `Upgrade Transmission.app to v2.82`
-* `Fix checksum in Transmission.app Cask`
-* `Add CodeBox Latest`
-
-Examples of difficult, unclear commit summaries:
-
-* `Upgrade to v2.82`
-* `Checksum was bad`
-
-### Pushing
-
-Push your changes to your GitHub account:
-
-```bash
-$ github_user='<my-github-username>'
-$ git push "$github_user" my-new-cask
-```
-
-If you are using [GitHub two-factor authentication](https://help.github.com/articles/about-two-factor-authentication/) and set your remote repository as HTTPS you will need to set up a personal access token and use that instead of your password. Further information [here](https://help.github.com/articles/https-cloning-errors/#provide-access-token-if-2fa-enabled).
-
-### Squashing
-
-If your pull request has multiple commits which revise the same lines of code, or if you make some changes after comments from one of the maintainers, it is better to [squash](https://davidwalsh.name/squash-commits-git) those commits together into one logical unit.
-
-But you don’t always have to squash — it is fine for a pull request to contain multiple commits when there is a logical reason for the separation.
-
-### Filing a Pull Request on GitHub
-
-Now go to the [`homebrew-cask` GitHub repository](https://github.com/caskroom/homebrew-cask). GitHub will often show your `my-new-cask` branch with a handy button to `Compare & pull request`. Otherwise, click the `New pull request` button and choose to `compare across forks`. The base fork should be `caskroom/homebrew-cask @ master`, and the head fork should be `my-github-username/homebrew-cask @ my-new-cask`. You can also add any further comments to your pull request at this stage.
-
-Congratulations! You are done now, and your Cask should be pulled in or otherwise noticed in a while. If a maintainer suggests some changes, just make them on the `my-new-cask` branch locally, [squash](#squashing), and [push](#pushing).
-
-## Cleaning up
-
-After your Pull Request is submitted, you should get yourself back onto `master`, so that `brew update` will pull down new Casks properly:
-
-```bash
-cd "$(brew --repository)"/Library/Taps/caskroom/homebrew-cask
-git checkout master
-```