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authorTom Christie2013-11-17 18:26:41 +0000
committerTom Christie2013-11-17 18:26:41 +0000
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treee381b83d56b74357ba42b3bc91ef437cbbf62768 /api-guide/format-suffixes.html
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+ <li class="main"><a href="#format-suffixes">Format suffixes</a></li>
+<li><a href="#format_suffix_patterns">format_suffix_patterns</a></li>
+<li><a href="#accept-headers-vs-format-suffixes">Accept headers vs. format suffixes</a></li>
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+<h1 id="format-suffixes">Format suffixes</h1>
+<blockquote>
+<p>Section 6.2.1 does not say that content negotiation should be
+used all the time.</p>
+<p>&mdash; Roy Fielding, <a href="http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/rest-discuss/message/5857">REST discuss mailing list</a></p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>A common pattern for Web APIs is to use filename extensions on URLs to provide an endpoint for a given media type. For example, 'http://example.com/api/users.json' to serve a JSON representation. </p>
+<p>Adding format-suffix patterns to each individual entry in the URLconf for your API is error-prone and non-DRY, so REST framework provides a shortcut to adding these patterns to your URLConf.</p>
+<h2 id="format_suffix_patterns">format_suffix_patterns</h2>
+<p><strong>Signature</strong>: format_suffix_patterns(urlpatterns, suffix_required=False, allowed=None)</p>
+<p>Returns a URL pattern list which includes format suffix patterns appended to each of the URL patterns provided.</p>
+<p>Arguments:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><strong>urlpatterns</strong>: Required. A URL pattern list.</li>
+<li><strong>suffix_required</strong>: Optional. A boolean indicating if suffixes in the URLs should be optional or mandatory. Defaults to <code>False</code>, meaning that suffixes are optional by default.</li>
+<li><strong>allowed</strong>: Optional. A list or tuple of valid format suffixes. If not provided, a wildcard format suffix pattern will be used. </li>
+</ul>
+<p>Example:</p>
+<pre class="prettyprint lang-py"><code>from rest_framework.urlpatterns import format_suffix_patterns
+
+urlpatterns = patterns('blog.views',
+ url(r'^/$', 'api_root'),
+ url(r'^comments/$', 'comment_list'),
+ url(r'^comments/(?P&lt;pk&gt;[0-9]+)/$', 'comment_detail')
+)
+
+urlpatterns = format_suffix_patterns(urlpatterns, allowed=['json', 'html'])
+</code></pre>
+<p>When using <code>format_suffix_patterns</code>, you must make sure to add the <code>'format'</code> keyword argument to the corresponding views. For example:</p>
+<pre class="prettyprint lang-py"><code>@api_view(('GET', 'POST'))
+def comment_list(request, format=None):
+ # do stuff...
+</code></pre>
+<p>Or with class based views:</p>
+<pre class="prettyprint lang-py"><code>class CommentList(APIView):
+ def get(self, request, format=None):
+ # do stuff...
+
+ def post(self, request, format=None):
+ # do stuff...
+</code></pre>
+<p>The name of the kwarg used may be modified by using the <code>FORMAT_SUFFIX_KWARG</code> setting.</p>
+<p>Also note that <code>format_suffix_patterns</code> does not support descending into <code>include</code> URL patterns.</p>
+<hr />
+<h2 id="accept-headers-vs-format-suffixes">Accept headers vs. format suffixes</h2>
+<p>There seems to be a view among some of the Web community that filename extensions are not a RESTful pattern, and that <code>HTTP Accept</code> headers should always be used instead.</p>
+<p>It is actually a misconception. For example, take the following quote from Roy Fielding discussing the relative merits of query parameter media-type indicators vs. file extension media-type indicators: </p>
+<p>&ldquo;That's why I always prefer extensions. Neither choice has anything to do with REST.&rdquo; &mdash; Roy Fielding, <a href="http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/rest-discuss/message/14844">REST discuss mailing list</a></p>
+<p>The quote does not mention Accept headers, but it does make it clear that format suffixes should be considered an acceptable pattern.</p>
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